自营ic695psd040设计原理相关流程操作规程

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ic695psd040怎样判别数据冷热
常见的判别办法是，依据主表中的一个或几个字段来判别。比方在工单体系中，能够运用工单状况、客服究竟操作时刻来作为冷热数据的判别条件，将现已封闭的而且超越一个月的工单视为冷数据，其他的工单视为热数据。
在判别冷热数据中，咱们应遵循以下原则：

数据一旦被搬迁到冷库中，就代表事务代码只能对它进行查询操作；
冷热数据不能一起读取。
电路拓扑结构在低压变频器的直流环节由于采用了电感元件而得名。输入侧采用可控硅移相控制整流，控制电动机的电流，输出侧为强迫换流方式，控制电动机的频率和相位。能够实现电机的四象限运行。

0电压型
前段引入降压变压器，将电网降压，然后连接低压变频器。低压变频器输入侧可采用可控硅移相控制整流，也可以采用二管三相桥直接整流，中间直流部分采用电容平波并储能。逆变或变流电路常采用 IGBT元件，通过SPWM变换，即可得到频率和幅度都可变的交流电，再经升压变压器变换成电机所需要的电压等级。需要指出的是，在变流电路至升压变压器之间还需要置入正弦波滤波器(F)，否则升压变压器会因输入谐波或dv/dt过大而发热，或破坏绕组的绝缘。该正弦波滤波器成本很0，一般相当于低压变频器的1/3到1/2的价格。
00变频
00变频器无需升降压变压器，功率器件在电网与电动机之间直接构建变换器。由于功率器件耐压问题难于解决，目前直接的做法是采用器件串联的办法来提0电压等级，其缺点是需要解决器件均压和缓冲难题，技术复杂，难度大。但这种变频器由于没有升降压变压器，故其效率较0低0方式的0，而且结构比较紧凑。
11矢量控制的0压变频器也已经在应用。
国外现状
国外各大的变频器生产商，均形成了系列化的产品，其控制系统也已实现全数字化。几乎所有的产品均具有矢量控制功能，完善的工艺水平也是国外的特点。在发达国家，只要有电机的场合，就会同时有变频器的存在。其现阶段发展情况主要表现如下：
① 技术开发起步早，并具有相当大的产业化规模。
② 能够提供特大功率的变频器，已超过10000KW。
③ 变频调速产品的技术标准比较完备。
④ 与变频器相关的配套产业及行业初具规模。
⑤ 能够生产变频器中的功率器件，如IGBT、IGCT、SGCT等。
⑥ 0压变频器在各个行业中被广泛应用，并取得了显著的经济效益。
⑦ 产品国际化，当地化加剧。
⑧ 新技术，新工艺层出不穷，并被大量的、快速的应用于产品中。
未来态势
交流变频调速技术是强弱电混合，机电一体的综合技术，既要处理巨大电能的转换（整流、逆变），又要处理信息的收集、变换和传输，因此它必定会分成功率和控制两大部分。前者要解决与0压大电流有关的技术问题，后者要解决的软硬件控制问题。因此，未来0压变频调速技术也将在这两方面得到发展，其主要表现为：
① 0压变频器将朝着大功率，小型化，轻型化的方向发展。
② 0压变频器将向着直接器件0压和多重叠加（器件串联和单元串联）两个方向发展。
③ 更0电压、更大电流的新型电力半导体器件将应用在0压变频器中。
④ 现阶段，IGBT、IGCT、SGCT仍将扮演着主要的角色，SCR、GTO将会退出变频器市场。
⑤无速度传感器的矢量控制、磁通控制和直接转矩控制等技术的应用将趋于成熟。
⑥ 全面实现数字化和自动化：参数自设定技术；过程自0化技术；故障自诊断技术。
⑦ 应用32位MCU、DSP及ASIC等器件，实现变频器的0精度，多功能。
⑧ 相关配套行业正朝着化，规模化发展，社会分工将更加明显。随着技术研究的进一步深入，在理论上和功能上国产0压变频器已经可以与进口变频器相比肩，但是受工艺技术的限制，与进口产品的差距还是比较明显。这些状况主要表现在如下几个方面：
① 国外各大的产品正加紧占领国内市场，并加快了本地化的步伐。
② 具有研发能力和产业化规模的逐年增加。
③ 国产0压变频器的功率也越做越大，目前国内的应用做到了20000KW。
④ 国内0压变频器的技术标准还有待规范。
⑤ 与0压变频器相配套的产业很不发达。
⑥ 生产工艺一般，可以满足变频器产品的技术要求，价格相对低廉。
⑦ 变频器中使用的功率半导体关键器件完全依赖进口，而且相当长时间内还会依赖进口。
⑧ 与发达国家的技术差距在缩小，具有自主知识产权的产品正应用在国民经济中。
⑨ 已经研制出具有瞬时掉电再恢复、故障再恢复等功能的变频器。
⑩ 部分厂家已经开发出四象限运行的0压变频器。随着现代电力电子技术及计算机控制技术的迅速发展，促进了电气传动的技术革命。交流调速取代直流调速，计算机数字控制取代模拟控制已成为发展趋势。交流电机变频调速是当今节约电能，改善生产工艺流程，提0产品质量，以及改善运行环境的一种主要手段。变频调速以其率，0功率因数，以及0异的调速和启制动性能等诸多0点而被国内外公认为有发展前途的调速方式。
以前的0压变频器，由可控硅整流，可控硅逆变等器件构成，缺点很多，谐波大，对电网和电机都有影响。发展起来的一些新型器件将改变这一现状，如IGBT、IGCT、SGCT等等。由它们构成的0压变频器，性能0异，可以实现PWM逆变，甚至是PWM整流。不仅具有谐波小，功率因数也有很大程度的提0。
行业特点变频器是一种使电动机变速运行进而达到节能效果的设备，习惯上把额定电压在3kV到10kV之间的电动机称为0压电机，因此一般把针对3kV至10kV0电压环境下运行的电动机而开发的变频器称为0压变频器。与低压变频器相比，0压变频器适用于大功率风电、水泵的变频调速，可以收到显著的节能效果。
随着节能环保需求的增加以及装备升级改造步伐的加快，中国0压变频器行业呈现稳步增长态势，市场规模从2005年的11亿元增至2011年的63亿元，年复合增长率达到35.4%；在变频器中的比重也从2006年的12.9%增至2011年的22.8%。2012年随着下业变频化率的提升，0压变频器市场增长速度有望达到34.92%。中国0压变频器行要有以下几个运行特点1.使用方法：
• 将 ACS 800、电机和相连设备正确接地，以便在任何情况下都能确保工作人员 的安全，并减少电磁辐射和干扰。 
• 确信接地导线的截面积足够大，以满足安全规范的要求。
• 多台 ACS 800 的接地端子不能串联连接。 
• 在符合欧洲 CE 标准和其它一些必须要减少 EMC 辐射的安装地点，电缆入口应 保持 360 度0频接地，以抑制电磁干扰。此外，电缆屏蔽层必须与保护接地线 (PE) 相连接，以符合安全规范。 • 在浮地或0接地电阻 （>30Ohms）的电力系统中 , 不要安装带有 EMC 滤波器 （可选件为 +E202 或 +E200 ) 的变频器。
2.只有具备资格的电气工程师才允许安装和维护传动单元。
• 禁止带电安装或维修传动单元、电机电缆或电机。在切断输入电源之后，应至 少等待 5 分钟，待中间电路电容放电完毕后再进行操作。 还应使用万用表 （阻抗至少为 1 兆欧）测量以确定 1. 传动输入相 U1,V1,W1 与柜架间的电压接近 0V. 2. 端子 UDC+ 和 UDC- 与柜架间的电压接近 0V. 
• 禁止在传动单元或外部控制电路带电时操作控制电缆。即使 ACS 800 主电源断 电，其内部仍可能存在由外部控制电路引入的危险电压。 
• 所有的绝缘测试必须在断开电缆连接的情况下进行。 
• 重新连接电机电缆时 , 应确保相序正确。注意 : 
• 不管电机是否运行，只要 ACS 800 传动的输入电源接通，电机电缆端子都会存 在危险的0电压。 
• 制动控制端子 (UDC+, UDC-, R+ 和 R- 端子 ) 带有危险直流0电压 ( 大于 500 V)。 
• 继电器输出端子 RO1 ~ RO3 在接通 115 V 或 220 V (230 V) 电压时，带有危险 0电压。此款CPU型号PM3328B-6-1-3-E用作控制器、I/O系统和专用模块，旨在满足灵活的工业解决方案的需求。除此之外，它还配备32KB的用户内存、4K I/O、8个机架和0.22msec/K的逻辑执行。它与以太网、各种总线模块和控制等0级模块兼容。该模块采用单一整体结构设计，非常适合数千种应用，如复杂的运动控制、采矿、水处理、电梯控制、0速包装、注塑、材料处理、食品加工、连续排放监测等。通过只配置所需的系统，可以节省关键空间并降低成本。此外，他还可以适应广泛的应用，例如：数字接口（用于按钮、开关、接近传感器、继电器、接触器和许多其他设备）、模拟模块（对于流量、温度或压力应用具有不同的分辨率），PM3328B-6-1-3-E直接连接接线或远程终端以及本地或远程I/O系统。
The CPU Model 350, acts as a controller, I/O system, and speciality module designed to meet the demands of flexible industrial solutions. Among other things, it comes with 32Kbytes user memory, 4K I/O, 8 Racks and a logic execution of 0.22msec/K. It is compatible with advanced modules such as Ethernet, various bus modules, and control. Designed in a single overall architecture, the system is well suited for thousands of applications, such as complex motion control, mining, water treatment, elevator control, high-speed packaging, injection molding, material handling, food processing, continuous emission monitoring and many more. By configuring just the system you need, you save critical space and reduce cost. Furthermore, IC693CPU350 can also be adapted to a wide range of applications such as: digital interfaces (for push buttons, switches, proximity sensors, relays, contactors and many other devices), analog modules (with varying degrees of resolution for flow, temperature or pressure applications), direct connect wiring or remote termination and local or remote I/O systems.1．冗余热备控制系统的功能 Schneider PLC冗余热备控制系统具有以下功能： ① 应用程序内存空间 ② 系统寄



存器 ③ 功能块 ④ 配置 ⑤ 前面板上的微型端子 ⑥ 应用数据的周期性传送 ⑦ 程序差异监控 ⑧ 确保PLC内存



内容的一致性 ⑨ 通信端口地址的自动交换 ⑩ 通信期间的自动交换机制



2．冗余热备控制系统的特点 Schneider PLC冗余热备控制系统具有以下特点： ① 采用先进的同步机制； ② 系统



切换时间小于100ms，通常低于20~30ms； ③ 性能更强，得益于0端CPU的内部结构，集成工作内存； ④ 人性



化设计，易于使用，内置键盘，程序自动传送，不需要单独的冗余 软件选件包。1．冗余热备控制系统的功能 Schneider PLC冗余热备控制系统具有以下功能： ① 应用程序内存空间 ② 系统寄



存器 ③ 功能块 ④ 配置 ⑤ 前面板上的微型端子 ⑥ 应用数据的周期性传送 ⑦ 程序差异监控 ⑧ 确保PLC内存



内容的一致性 ⑨ 通信端口地址的自动交换 ⑩ 通信期间的自动交换机制



2．冗余热备控制系统的特点 Schneider PLC冗余热备控制系统具有以下特点： ① 采用先进的同步机制； ② 系统



切换时间小于100ms，通常低于20~30ms； ③ 性能更强，得益于0端CPU的内部结构，集成工作内存； ④ 人性


The switchgear also features a "higher level" safety design with a fully insulated design that ensures the safety of all live parts and uses 92 percent fewer busbar components and 90 percent fewer electrical connections than conventional switchgear. On the basis of reducing the cost and improving the efficiency of operation and maintenance, switch equipment is more secure, becoming the ideal choice for power, food and beverage, data center and other industries. In addition, iVD4® medium voltage intelligent solution also appeared in the exhibition, which realizes the deep integration of VD4 vacuum circuit breaker with sensors and monitoring units. The integrated solution is out-of-the-box, helping customers more smoothly and intuitively realize the status perception of switching equipment. The accurate evaluation system provides targeted operation and maintenance suggestions. To bring customers better quality, more reliable, more secure intelligent power distribution operation and management experience. High current type

The circuit topology in the DC link of the low voltage inverter is named because of the inductance element. The input side adopts SCR phase shift control rectifier to control the current of the motor, while the output side adopts forced commutation mode to control the frequency and phase of the motor. Four quadrant operation of the motor can be realized.

High voltage type

Step-down transformer is introduced in the front section to step-down the power grid, and then the low-voltage converter is connected. The input side of the low-voltage inverter can adopt SCR phase shift control rectifier, or can use two pipe three-phase bridge direct rectifier, the middle DC part adopts capacitor flat wave and energy storage. Inverter or current converter circuit often uses IGBT components, through SPWM transformation, can get variable frequency and amplitude of alternating current, and then through the boost transformer into the voltage level required by the motor. It should be pointed out that the sine wave filter (F) also needs to be placed between the converter circuit and the booster transformer, otherwise the booster transformer will heat up due to the input harmonic or DV/DT is too large, or the insulation of the winding will be damaged. The cost of the sinusoidal filter is high, usually equivalent to 1/3 to 1/2 of the price of a low-voltage converter.

High frequency

High frequency converter does not need lifting transformer, and the power device directly constructs the converter between the power grid and the motor. Because the problem of voltage resistance of power devices is difficult to solve, the current direct approach is to use the device series method to improve the voltage level, its disadvantage is to solve the problem of voltage balancing and buffering of devices, complicated technology, difficult. But this frequency converter because there is no lifting voltage transformer, so its efficiency is higher than the high and low way, and the structure is more compact.

Vector - 11 - controlled high - voltage converters are also in use.

The status quo abroad

The major inverter manufacturers abroad have formed a series of products, and their control systems have been fully digitized. Almost all products have vector control function, perfect technology level is also foreign characteristics. In developed countries, as long as there is a motor, there will be a frequency converter. Its current development is mainly shown as follows:

① Technology development started early, and has a considerable scale of industrialization.

(2) The frequency converter that can provide extra power has exceeded 10000KW.

(3) The technical standards of frequency control products are relatively complete.

(4) Supporting industries and industries related to frequency converters are beginning to take shape.

⑤ Can produce the power devices in the frequency converter, such as IGBT, IGCT, SGCT and so on.

High voltage inverter is widely used in various industries, and has achieved remarkable economic benefits.

⑦ Product internationalization, localization intensified.

⑧ New technology, new process emerge in endlessly, and by a large number of, fast application in the product.

The future trend of

Ac frequency conversion speed regulation technology is a mixture of strong and weak electricity, mechanical and electrical integration of comprehensive technology, both to deal with the conversion of huge electric energy (rectification, inverter), but also to deal with information collection, transformation and transmission, so it will be divided into power and control of two major parts. The former should solve the technical problems related to high voltage and large current, while the latter should solve the hardware and software control problems. Therefore, in the future, high voltage frequency conversion speed regulation technology will also be developed in these two aspects, its main performance is:

High voltage inverter will develop towards high power, miniaturization and light.

(2) High voltage inverter will be developed towards direct device high voltage and multiple superposition (device series and unit series) two directions.

③ New power semiconductor devices with higher voltage and higher current will be used in high voltage converters.

(4) At the present stage, IGBT, IGCT, SGCT will still play a major role, SCR, GTO will withdraw from the inverter market.

(5) The application of vector control, flux control and direct torque control without speed sensor will become mature.

⑥ Fully realize digitalization and automation: self-setting technology of parameters; Process self-optimization technology; Fault self-diagnosis technology.

⑦ The application of 32-bit MCU, DSP and ASIC and other devices to achieve high precision inverter, multi-function.

⑧ Related supporting industries are moving towards large-scale development, social division of labor will be more obvious. With the further development of technical research, domestic high-voltage inverter can be compared with imported inverter in theory and function, but limited by technology, the gap with imported products is still obvious. These conditions are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

① Foreign major products are stepping up to occupy the domestic market, and accelerate the pace of localization.

② With research and development capacity and industrialization scale increased year by year.

(3) The power of domestic high voltage inverter is becoming bigger and bigger, and the current domestic application has achieved 20,000 KW.

(4) The technical standard of domestic high voltage inverter is still to be standardized.

The industry supporting the high voltage inverter is very underdeveloped.

The production process is general, which can meet the technical requirements of inverter products and the price is relatively low.

The key power semiconductor devices used in frequency converters are completely dependent on imports, and will be dependent on imports for a long time to come.

8. The technological gap with developed countries is narrowing, and products with independent intellectual property rights are being applied in the national economy.

⑨ We have developed a frequency converter with the functions of instantaneous power failure recovery, fault recovery and so on.

⑩ Some manufacturers have developed four quadrant operation of the high voltage inverter. With the rapid development of modern power electronic technology and computer control technology, the technological revolution of electric drive has been promoted. Ac speed control to replace DC speed control, computer digital control to replace analog control has become a development trend. Ac motor frequency conversion speed regulation is one of the main means to save electric energy, improve the production process, improve product quality and improve the operating environment. Frequency conversion speed regulation with its rate, high power factor, as well as excellent speed regulation and braking performance and many other advantages are considered by the domestic grandfather has the development of speed regulation.

The previous high voltage inverter, composed of silicon controlled rectifier, silicon controlled inverter and other components, has many shortcomings, large harmonics, and has an impact on the power grid and the motor. The development of some new devices will change this situation, such as IGBT, IGCT, SGCT and so on. High voltage inverter composed of them, excellent performance, can achieve PWM inverter, or even PWM rectifier. Not only has a small harmonic, power factor also has a great degree of improvement.

Frequency converter is a kind of equipment to make the motor speed change operation to achieve the effect of energy saving, it is customary to rated voltage between 3kV to 10kV motor is called high voltage motor, so generally for 3kV to 10kV high voltage environment of the motor and the development of frequency converter is called high voltage inverter. Compared with low voltage inverter, high voltage inverter is suitable for high power wind power, water pump frequency conversion speed regulation, can receive significant energy saving effect.

With the increasing demand for energy conservation and environmental protection and the accelerating pace of equipment upgrading, China's high-voltage inverter industry has shown a steady growth trend, with the market size increasing from 1.1 billion yuan in 2005 to 6.3 billion yuan in 2011, with a compound annual growth rate of 35.4%. Its share in frequency converters increased from 12.9 percent in 2006 to 22.8 percent in 2011. In 2012, with the improvement of the conversion rate of the industry, the growth rate of the high-voltage inverter market is expected to reach 34.92%. Chinese high voltage inverter line should have the following operation characteristics: 1.

• Properly ground the ACS 800, motors and connected equipment to ensure crew safety and reduce electromagnetic radiation and interference under any circumstances.

• Make sure the cross-sectional area of the grounding conductor is large enough to meet the requirements of the safety code.

• Multiple ACS 800 ground terminals cannot be connected in series.

• In compliance with the European CE standard and other installation sites where EMC radiation must be reduced, cable intakes should be grounded at a high frequency of 360 degrees to suppress electromagnetic interference. In addition, the cable shield must be connected to the protective ground cable (PE) to comply with safety specifications. • in floating or high ground resistance (>30Ohms) power systems, do not install frequency converters with EMC filters (optional +E202 or +E200).

2. Only qualified electrical engineers are permitted to install and maintain transmission units.

• Do not install or repair transmission units, motor cables or motors while live. After cutting off the input power, wait at least 5 minutes until the capacitor discharge of the intermediate circuit is complete. Multimeter (impedance at least 1 megohm) should also be used to measure to determine 1. The voltage between the transmission input phase U1,V1,W1 and the cabinet frame is close to 0V. 2. The voltage between terminals UDC+ and UDC- and the rack is close to 0V.

• Do not operate the control cable when the drive unit or external control circuit is live. Even if the main power supply of the ACS 800 is disconnected, there may still be a dangerous voltage introduced by the external control circuit inside the ACS 800.

• All insulation tests must be performed with cable connections disconnected.

• When reconnecting the motor cable, ensure that the phase sequence is correct. Note:

• Motor cable terminals are stored at dangerously high voltages whenever input power to the ACS 800 drive is switched on, regardless of whether the motor is running or not.

• Brake control terminals (UDC+, UDC-, R+ and R- terminals) with dangerously high DC voltage (greater than 500 V).

• Relay output terminals RO1 ~ RO3 have dangerously high voltage when switching on 115 V or 220 V (230 V) voltage. The CPU model PM3328B-6-1-3-E is used as a controller, I/O system and dedicated module, designed to meet the needs of flexible industrial solutions. In addition, it comes with 32KB of user memory, 4K I/O, eight racks, and 0.22msec/K logical execution. It is compatible with advanced modules such as Ethernet, various bus modules and controls. The module is designed with a single monolithic structure, ideal for thousands of applications such as complex motion control, mining, water treatment, elevator control, high-speed packaging, injection molding, material handling, food processing, continuous discharge monitoring, and more. By configuring only the systems you need, you can save critical space and reduce costs. In addition, he also can adapt to a wide range of applications, such as: digital interface (used for buttons, switches, proximity sensor, relay, contactor, and many other equipment), a simulation module (for flow, temperature or pressure applications with different resolution), PM3328B - 6-1-3 - E direct connection wiring or a remote terminal and a local or remote I/O system.

The CPU Model 350, acts as a controller, I/O system, and speciality module designed to meet the demands of flexible industrial solutions. Among other things, it comes with 32Kbytes user memory, 4K I/O, Racks and a Logic Execution of 0.22msec/K. It is compatible with advanced modules such as Ethernet, various bus modules, and control. Designed in a single overall architecture, the system is well suited for thousands of applications, such as complex motion control, mining, water treatment, elevator control, high-speed packaging, injection molding, material handling, food processing, continuous emission monitoring and many more. By configuring just the system you need, you save critical space and reduce cost. Furthermore, IC693CPU350 can also be adapted to a wide range of applications such as: digital interfaces (for push buttons, switches, proximity sensors, relays, contactors and many other devices), analog modules (with varying degrees of resolution for flow, temperature or pressure applications), Direct Connect Wiring or remote termination and Local or remote I/O Systems. The Schneider PLC redundant hot spare control system has the following functions: ① application program memory space ② system send







Memory ③ function block ④ configuration ⑤ micro terminal on the front panel ⑥ Periodical transmission of application data ⑦ program difference monitoring ⑧ ensure PLC memory







Content consistency Automatic exchange of ⑨ communication port addresses Automatic exchange during communication







2. Schneider PLC redundant hot spare control system has the following characteristics: (1) the use of advanced synchronization mechanism; (2) system







The switching time is less than 100ms, usually less than 20-30ms. 3.